Whether you are a lawyer or not, you may have heard the word “decree” used in reference to a legal decision. It can be a preliminary decree or an interlocutory one. It can also be a final decree.
Preliminary decree
Essentially, a preliminary decree is a declaration of the rights, obligations, and liabilities of the parties involved in a lawsuit. It is an introductory statement drafted by the court and is not intended to completely conclude the case. Its purpose is to settle disputes over the rights of the parties in the suit and to provide an outline of their legal rights.
A court can pass a preliminary decree before issuing a final decree, as long as there is sufficient evidence to support the decision. If the decision is erroneous, it is still possible to appeal against it. The appellant can use Section 97 of the Civil Procedure Code (CPC) to challenge the consequences of the decision, but the appellant cannot impugn the finality of the preliminary decree.
The Supreme Court has noted that there is a substantial difference between a preliminary and a final decree. It has also ruled that more than one preliminary decree can exist.
A preliminary decree is issued by the court before a final decision is made, but the final decision cannot be changed once it is made. The decree states the rights, liabilities, and other information of the parties.
Final decree
Usually, a final decree is a Court Order which is passed by the court. It addresses specific issues such as the division of assets and debts, alimony, and health insurance.
The decree is based on stipulations filed by the parties. It can also contain extra findings and orders. Often, it is signed by the judge. It can be mailed to the other party or picked up in person at the court. It is important to review the paperwork and ask questions of an attorney.
A divorce is a legal proceeding that involves a separation of a couple for six months or more. If there are children, the decree will also address custody, visitation, and support. In some cases, it will cover a portion of the assets that were owned by the couple during the marriage.
All civil proceedings begin with the filing of a complaint and end with the passing of a judgment. In most cases, the final decree will determine all of the facts and the rights of the parties.
Interlocutory decree
Historically, interlocutory decrees were used in divorce cases. They provided the couple with a period of time to come to terms with the divorce. They also gave the couple a chance to remarry.
The interlocutory decree was the first step in a series of actions that would lead to a final judgment. A final judgment would settle all of the issues in the case. A final decree, in turn, provided the couple with a legal separation.
A temporary adoption decree was also granted. This order was effective from the date of the interlocutory decree. However, the temporary decree was only in effect for six months.
During this time, the couple could inherit the deceased spouse’s property. They can also waive their right to inheritance during the interlocutory period.
An interlocutory order was also used for bankruptcy cases. This order was meant to be a temporary order until the court deemed it ready for a final decree. During this time, the couple did not have to exchange financial information.
Decree en Conseil d’Etat
During the period of exceptional crisis, French governments adopted special measures. These included an accelerated procedure of “refers” and the closure of the National Assembly.
Emergency powers are determined by the Constitutional Council. The President of the Senate may refer acts of Parliament to the Constitutional Council before promulgation.
The President of the Republic is the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces. He is elected for five years by direct universal suffrage. He is responsible for the continuity of the State, ensuring its territorial integrity and the exercise of its sovereignty. He consults the Prime Minister and the President of the Houses of Parliament. He is also the chairman of the highest national defense committees. He accredits foreign ambassadors and appoints foreign envoys. He is the guarantor of the due respect of Treaties.
The Charter for the Environment of 2004 specifies the rights and duties of the citizens of France. It aims at promoting equal access to professional and elective positions for women and men, and the protection of employees.
